ABSTRACT
Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los resultados de las pruebas de identificación y sensibilidad antimicrobiana obtenidos por los sistemas Vitek 2C (bioMérieux, Francia) y Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, EE.UU.) directamente a partir de hemocultivos positivos. Se realizó un estudio observacional prospectivo en el Hospital Naval Pedro Mallo de Buenos Aires, Argentina, que incluyó 70 bacteriemias monomicrobianas por gram negativos. Se obtuvo una identificación correcta por Vitek® 2C y por Phoenix del 100% y 97% respectivamente [p: no significativa (NS)]. La concordancia categórica para todos los antimicrobianos fue 97,1% y 98,1% (p: NS) con Vitek 2C y con Phoenix respectivamente. El tiempo medio para obtener un resultado fue de 10,19 h y 13,8 h (p: NS), respectivamente. Vitek 2C y Phoenix son herramientas importantes, rápidas y confiables para la identificación y las pruebas de sensibilidad realizadas directamente a partir de hemocultivos positivos.
Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the results of identification and antimicrobial susceptibility tests obtained by the Vitek 2C (bioMérieux, France) and Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, USA) systems directly from positive blood cultures. A prospective observational study was performed at the Pedro Mallo Navy Hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina, which included 70 monomicrobial bacteremias by gram negative rods. Correct identification by Vitek® 2C and Phoenix was 100% and 97%, respectively [p: not significant (NS)]. Categorical agreement for all antimicrobials was 97.1% and 98.1% (p: NS) with Vitek 2C and Phoenix, respectively. The mean time to result was 10.19 h and 13.8 h (p: NS), respectively. Vitek 2C and Phoenix are important, rapid and reliable tools for identification and susceptibility testing when performed directly from positive blood cultures.
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os resultados dos testes de identificação e de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana obtidos pelos sistemas Vitek 2C (bioMérieux, França) e Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, EUA) diretamente a partir de culturas de sangue positivas. Foi realizado um estudo observacional prospectivo no Hospital Naval Pedro Mallo em Buenos Aires, Argentina, incluindo 70 bacteriemias monomicrobianas devido a gram negativos. A identificação correcta por Vitek® 2C e Phoenix obtida foi de 100% e 97% respectivamente [p: não significativo (NS)]. O acordo categórico para todos os antimicrobianos foi de 97,1% e 98,1% (p: NS) com Vitek 2C e Phoenix respectivamente. O tempo médio para obter o resultado foi de 10,19 h e 13,8 h (p: NS), respectivamente. Vitek 2C e Phoenix são ferramentas importantes, rápidas e fiáveis para a identificação e testes de sensibilidade realizados diretamente a partir de hemoculturas positivas.
ABSTRACT
Resumen La bacteriemia es una de las principales causas de muerte en todo el mundo y se asocia con alto costo. Los resultados rápidos obtenidos desde los hemocultivos positivos son una herramienta importante para la optimización temprana del tratamiento antimicrobiano. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron evaluar el rendimiento del panel BCID del sistema FilmArrayTM y determinar su impacto en la adecuación del tratamiento antimicrobiano. Se analizaron 127 episodios de bacteriemia. Un porcentaje significativo de los tratamientos (45,8%) fueron cambiados en base a este resultado. La identificación global correcta fue del 89,2% y del 97,2% para los microorganismos incluidos en la base de datos, en tanto que la sensibilidad para la detección de los genes mecA y KPC fue del 100%. El panel BCID de FilmArrayTM es un método rápido y confiable para la detección de los microorganismos relacionados a bacteriemia y de alto impacto en la decisión terapéutica.
Abstract Bacteremia is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is associated with high cost. The rapid results obtained from positive blood cultures are an important tool for early optimization of antimicrobial therapy. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the performance of the BCID panel of the FilmArrayTM system and determine its impact on the adequacy of the antimicrobial treatment. One hundred and twenty seven episodes of bacteremia were analyzed. A significant percentage of the treatments (45.8%) were changed based on this result. The correct global identification was 89.2% and 97.2% for the microorganisms included in the database, while the sensitivity for the detection of the mecA and KPC genes was 100%. The FilmArrayTM BCID panel is a fast and reliable method for the detection of microorganisms related to bacteremia and has a high impact on the therapeutic decision.
Resumo A bacteremia é uma das principais causas de morte no mundo e está associada a alto custo. Resultados rápidos obtidos de hemoculturas positivas são uma ferramenta importante para a otimização precoce da terapia antimicrobiana. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar o desempenho do painel BCID do sistema FilmArrayTM e determinar seu impacto na adequação do tratamento antimicrobiano. Foram analisados 127 episódios de bacteremia. Percentual significativo dos tratamentos (45,8%) foi alterado com base nesse resultado. A correta identificação global foi de 89,2% e 97,2% para os microrganismos incluídos na base de dados, enquanto a sensibilidade para detecção dos genes mecA e KPC foi de 100%. O painel FilmArrayTM BCID é um método rápido e confiável para a detecção de microrganismos relacionados à bacteremia e tem alto impacto na decisão terapêutica.
ABSTRACT
Resumen El tratamiento inicial para pacientes con sospecha de meningitis bacteriana aguda depende de una evaluación diagnóstica rápida y una terapia antimicrobiana adecuada. El panel de Meningitis/Encephalitis FilmArray (ME) (BioFire Diagnostics, Salt Lake City, EE.UU.) utiliza análisis de PCR múltiple e incluye 14 microorganismos; los resultados se obtienen directamente del LCR en 1 h. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: a) determinar el rendimiento del ME y b) establecer el impacto del resultado obtenido en el tratamiento antimicrobiano de pacientes con meningoencefalitis. Se incluyeron 112 pacientes y 26 episodios de meningitis. Del total de resultados positivos con el panel para bacterias y hongos, 4/13 no se aislaron de cultivos y correspondieron a pacientes con tratamiento antimicrobiano. De los 26 episodios, los resultados condujeron a cambios terapéuticos en 21 casos. El ME es una herramienta rápida y útil para adecuar un tratamiento antimicrobiano en pacientes con meningoencefalitis.
Abstract The initial treatment for patients with suspected acute bacterial meningitis depends on a rapid diagnostic evaluation and adequate antimicrobial therapy. The Meningitis/Encephalitis FilmArray panel (ME) (BioFire Diagnostics, Salt Lake City, USA) uses multiplex PCR analysis and includes 14 microorganisms; the results are obtained directly from the CSF in 1 h. The objectives of this study were: a) to determine the performance of ME and b) to establish the impact of the result obtained on the antimicrobial treatment of patients with meningoencephalitis. A number of 112 patients and 26 episodes of meningitis were included. Of the total positive results for bacteria and fungi with the panel, 4/13 were not isolated from cultures and corresponded to patients with antimicrobial treatment. Of the 26 episodes, the results led to therapeutic changes in 21 cases. ME is a quick and useful tool to adapt antimicrobial treatment in patients with meningoencephalitis.
Resumo O tratamento inicial para pacientes com suspeita de meningite bacteriana aguda depende de uma avaliação diagnóstica rápida e terapia antimicrobiana adequada. O painel de Meningitis/Encephalitis FilmArray (ME) (BioFire Diagnostics, Salt Lake City, EUA) usa análise PCR multiplex e inclui 14 microrganismos; os resultados são obtidos diretamente do LCR em 1 h. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: a) determinar o desempenho do ME e b) estabelecer o impacto do resultado obtido no tratamento antimicrobiano de pacientes com meningoencefalite. 112 pacientes e 26 episódios de meningite foram incluídos. Do total de resultados positivos com o painel para bactérias e fungos, 4/13 não foram isolados das culturas e corresponderam a pacientes em tratamento antimicrobiano. Dos 26 episódios, os resultados levaram a alterações terapêuticas em 21 casos. ME é uma ferramenta rápida e útil para adaptar o tratamento antimicrobiano em pacientes com meningoencefalite.
ABSTRACT
Background The high capacity of chloroplast genome response to integrate and express transgenes at high levels makes this technology a good option to produce proteins of interest. This report presents the stable expression of Pectin lyase (PelA gene) and the first stable expression of manganese peroxidase (MnP-2 gene) from the chloroplast genome. Results pES4 and pES5 vectors were derived from pPV111A plasmid and contain the PelA and MnP-2 synthetic genes, respectively. Both genes are flanked by a synthetic rrn16S promoter and the 3'UTR from rbcL gene. Efficient gene integration into both inverted repeats of the intergenic region between rrn16S and 3'rps'12 was confirmed by Southern blot. Stable processing and expression of the RNA were confirmed by Northern blot analysis. Enzymatic activity was evaluated to detect expression and functionality of both enzymes. In general, mature plants showed more activity than young transplastomic plants. Compared to wild type plants, transplastomic events expressing pectin lyase exhibited enzymatic activity above 58.5% of total soluble protein at neutral pH and 60°C. In contrast, MnP-2 showed high activity at pH 6 with optimum temperature at 65°C. Neither transplastomic plant exhibited an abnormal phenotype. Conclusion This study demonstrated that hydrolytic genes PelA and MnP-2 could be integrated and expressed correctly from the chloroplast genome of tobacco plants. A whole plant, having ~ 470 g of biomass could feasibly yield 66,676.25 units of pectin or 21,715.46 units of manganese peroxidase. Also, this study provides new information about methods and strategies for the expression of enzymes with industrial value.
Subject(s)
Polygalacturonase/genetics , Polygalacturonase/metabolism , Nicotiana , Chloroplasts/genetics , Peroxidase/genetics , Peroxidase/metabolism , Temperature , Bacteria/enzymology , Transformation, Genetic , Cell Wall , Blotting, Southern , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Fungi/enzymology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , HydrolasesABSTRACT
A total of 115 unique clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and 54 strains of other genera and species included in the database of the NH card were tested by the Vitek 2C System (bioMÞrieux, Marcy LEtoile, Francia). The gonoccocal isolates had been previously identified by conventional biochemical tests and by the latex agglutination test with monoclonal antibodies using the Phadebact Monoclonal GC Test (Bactus AB, Sweden). The NH card correctly identified 111 (96.5
) strains of 115 isolates; one strain was identified with low discriminatory power (0.86
) was misidentified (as Neisseria meningitidis) whereas the other two (1.7
) remained unidentified. The NH card for N. gonorrhoeae identification provided 100
specificity. The results were available within 6 hours. The NH card could be considered a reliable and useful tool for routine use in Neisseria gonorrhoeae identification.
Subject(s)
Gonorrhea/microbiology , Neisseria gonorrhoeae/isolation & purification , Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods , Humans , Reagent Kits, Diagnostic , False Positive Reactions , Sensitivity and Specificity , Latex Fixation Tests , Bacterial Typing Techniques/instrumentationABSTRACT
Contenido: Cuerpo, juego y creatividad. Perfil cognitivo: abordaje terapéutico. Trastornos del desarrollo. Intervención temprana. Abordaje familiar en psicopedagogía. Clínica grupal...